What if the public graded federal bureaucracies

And if all of these are the case, then why grow government? Why make it bigger? Why make something that's already way too bloated and make it more bloated? Why add to it?

I'm convinced, like many of you, that it would be far, far better for us to reduce and limit the size of government, and its bureaucracies, rather than grow them, and add more bureaucracies. This reduction in size and scope would be a better approach.

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Removing book from your Reading List will also remove any bookmarked pages associated with this title. Are you sure you want to remove bookConfirmation and any corresponding bookmarks? Agencies also obtain political support by shifting policies when new political participants challenge their standard approach. Agencies are part of the executive branch. Presidents select heads of agencies and make numerous other political appointees to direct and control them.

But political appointees have short careers in their offices; they average just over two years. Presidents are tempted to pursue implementation by agencies to accomplish policy goals that Congress has frustrated. Tools of this administrative presidency include establishing agencies, strategic appointments, internal reorganization, and budget cuts.

Presidents can set up an agency by executive order—and dare Congress not to authorize and fund it. President John F. Kennedy issued an executive order to launch the Peace Corps after Congress did not act on his legislative request. Only then did Congress authorize, and allocate money for, the new venture. Agencies created by presidents are smaller than those begun by Congress; but presidents have more control of their structure and personnel.

Presidents make strategic appointments. Agency personnel are open to change when new appointees take office. Presidents can appoint true-believer ideologues to the cabinet who become prominent in the news, stand firm against the sway of the civil service, and deflect criticism away from the president.

Presidents also can and do fire agency officials who question the White House line. His remarks were covered heavily in the news—as was his dismissal. Early in his term, George W. Bush the first president to graduate from business school made few appointments to the Securities and Exchange Commission that regulates the stock market; he only boosted its staff after financial scandals rocked Wall Street in President Richard Nixon faced a ballooning welfare budget after taking office in Congress failed to act on welfare reform.

Nixon turned to administrative measures to slow federal outlays. Deeply conservative appointees initiated new rules; instead of worrying about denying welfare to someone who was qualified, they stressed reducing the number of ineligible persons receiving benefits. Civil servants were moved out of offices devoted to specific programs and reported to managers who graded them on their ability to cut costs.

The result? Welfare rolls leveled off despite a worsening economy. Presidents pursue the administrative presidency most effectively with programs that are obscure or unpopular with the public. Otherwise, they risk reactions on Capitol Hill. For example, President Ronald Reagan, seeking more leeway for business, successfully restrained the EPA in his first term.

He appointed loyal, lightning-rod individuals who went to Congress and asked for budget reductions. He left positions vacant. He shifted authority to the states. He subjected environmental laws to cost-benefit calculations that emphasized tangible costs of regulation over intangible benefits.

After two years, fewer new regulations were issued, and environmental standards and enforcement were relaxed. These victories produced a backlash. Civil servants felt excluded. The resultant shift in public opinion made itself known to Congress, which eventually led Reagan to fire the agency heads. Under new, more moderate leadership, the EPA veered away from its relentlessly probusiness stance.

Andrew Card right was George W. The Chief of Staff performs many duties for the president, including media interaction. Postal Service. One reason your school can be considered a bureaucracy is because.

Which of the following parts of the executive branch BEST reflects job specialization? Some people argue that bureaucracies are undemocratic because. Which of the following statements BEST illustrates the function of a staff agency? The Veterans Health Administration provides medical care to military veterans.

The Federal Bureau of Investigations carries out law enforcement and investigations. The Office of Management and Budget assists the President in preparing the budget. Quizzes you may like.